Technical SEO · XML Sitemaps

What Is an XML Sitemap?

An XML sitemap helps search engines discover your pages. Here is what it is, how to create and submit one, what to include and exclude, and what image, video and news sitemaps are.

Updated: July 2026
Written by: Andrew Odgers, Managing Director
Reading time: 9 minutes
The short answer

An XML sitemap is a file listing the important URLs on your site so search engines can discover them. Most platforms generate one automatically, and you submit it via Google Search Console. It should include important, indexable pages and exclude non-canonical, blocked or low-value URLs. Image, video and news sitemaps give extra detail about specific content types. A sitemap aids discovery but does not guarantee indexing, which Google decides separately.

A map for crawlers

What an XML sitemap is, and creating and submitting one

An XML sitemap is a file that lists the important URLs on your site so search engines can discover them more easily, and it helps with crawling and discovery. Because it points crawlers to your key pages, an XML sitemap supports discovery, though it does not guarantee every listed page will be indexed. Most platforms generate an XML sitemap automatically, and you submit it to Google through Google Search Console using the sitemaps report. Generation is usually built in; because submission tells Google where to find it, creating and submitting a sitemap is a simple, worthwhile step for discovery, and it works with your robots.txt file.

XS 01

Lists URLs

Your important pages.

XS 02

Submit it

Via Search Console.

XS 03

Keep it clean

Indexable pages only.

Inclusion, specialised sitemaps and indexing

What to include, image, video and news sitemaps, and indexing

A sitemap should include your important, indexable pages and exclude non-canonical, blocked, redirected, error or low-value URLs. Clean lists work best; because including junk URLs sends mixed signals, keeping the sitemap to pages you actually want indexed makes it more useful. Image, video and news sitemaps are specialised sitemaps that give search engines extra detail about images, videos or news content on your site. They suit specific content types; because they add context for that media, they can help discovery where such content matters, though they remain optional for most sites. No, a sitemap helps search engines discover pages, but it does not guarantee they will be crawled or indexed, as Google decides that separately. It aids discovery, not indexing; because indexing depends on many factors, a sitemap is one helpful signal rather than a promise, which is why we pair it with strong canonical tags.

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Frequently asked

XML sitemaps

What is an XML sitemap?
An XML sitemap is a file that lists the important URLs on your site so search engines can discover them more easily. It helps with crawling and discovery. Because it points crawlers to your key pages, an XML sitemap supports discovery, though it does not guarantee every listed page will be indexed.
How do you create and submit an XML sitemap?
Most platforms generate an XML sitemap automatically, and you submit it to Google through Google Search Console using the sitemaps report. Generation is usually built in. Because submission tells Google where to find it, creating and submitting a sitemap is a simple, worthwhile step for discovery.
What should be included in or excluded from a sitemap?
A sitemap should include your important, indexable pages and exclude non-canonical, blocked, redirected, error or low-value URLs. Clean lists work best. Because including junk URLs sends mixed signals, keeping the sitemap to pages you actually want indexed makes it more useful.
What are image, video and news sitemaps?
Image, video and news sitemaps are specialised sitemaps that give search engines extra detail about images, videos or news content on your site. They suit specific content types. Because they add context for that media, they can help discovery where such content matters, though they remain optional for most sites.
Does a sitemap guarantee indexing?
No; a sitemap helps search engines discover pages, but it does not guarantee they will be crawled or indexed, as Google decides that separately. It aids discovery, not indexing. Because indexing depends on many factors, a sitemap is one helpful signal rather than a promise.